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Comparative analysis of professional texts on computer science
Chufarov, Evgeny ; Sučková, Magda (referee) ; Zmrzlá, Petra (advisor)
Cílem této bakalářské práce je srovnávací analýza odborných textů z oblasti informatiky. Jako téma pro materiály byla zvolena technologie VxLAN, která je nejčastěji používána v datových centrech. Prvním textem pro analýzu je článek z webového časopisu, druhým je technická dokumentace Request for Comments (RFC), třetím je video přednáška. Hlavním cílem této práce je prozkoumat vybrané materiály z různých pohledů a určit, do jaké míry se texty, psané a mluvené, liší v použití jazyka a jaké jsou jejich společné rysy. K dosažení tohoto cíle jsou materiály zkoumány z hlediska několika diskurzních rysů, mezi které patří funkce jazyka, styl a žánr, koheze, koherence a deixe. Práce se také zaměřuje na zjištění, zda jsou analyzované materiály typickými představiteli svých žánrů a stylů.
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Characteristic of ESP written communication
Kučera, Ondřej ; Walek, Agata (referee) ; Baumgartnerová, Alena (advisor)
Cílem této bakalářské práce je definovat, co je to angličtina pro specifické účely, vymezit její styly a žánry. Tato práce je rozdělena do tří hlavních částí. V první části je stručně představen anglický jazyk pro specifické účely a jeho historie. Jsou zde přiblíženy styly tohoto jazyka a je vysvětleno jejich použití. Ve druhé části jsem definoval žánry tohoto jazyka, vysvětlil účel každého z nich a ukázal, jak se dále dělí. Ve třetí části jsou prezentovány části textů, jež jsou analyzovány a porovnány: dva texty z elektrotechniky a dva texty z medicíny. V obou oblastech je porovnáván úryvek z populárně vědeckého článku a učebnice. Analýza je provedena ve čtyřech kategoriích: koheze, deixe, signposting a hedge. Tyto výsledky jsou porovnány nejdříve ve stejném oboru mezi rozlišnými styly a následně mezi odlišnými obory – elektrotechnika a medicína. Všechny výsledky jsou komentovány.
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Anaphoric use of demonstratives in professional texts
MACHULOVÁ, Magdaléna
The subject of the diploma thesis is a contrastive analysis of Czech and Spanish demonstratives in anaphoric use. The aim of the work is to map a selected sample of Czech and Spanish anaphors in philosophical texts of the 21st century. The work is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, the author discusses the phenomenon of deixis, classifies determinants and demonstratives, both from the perspective of Czech and Spanish grammars. In the practical part is performed the analysis of selected samples of anaphoric expressions, which the author randomly chose using the program SketchEngine. At the end of the work, the findings are evaluated and based on a contrastive analysis of the conclusion. The work is written in the Czech language.
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Respondents of demonstrative determinants (contrastive corpus analysis)
ČAPKOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor's thesis is focused on the corresponding means of the Spanish demonstrative determinants in the Czech language and their following analysis in corpus. There are described the characteristics of the determinants and demonstratives on the basis of reference books. The second, practical part works with the parallel corpus InterCorp by analysing Czech equivalents of the Spanish demonstrative determinants.
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Comparative analysis of professional texts on computer science
Chufarov, Evgeny ; Sučková, Magda (referee) ; Zmrzlá, Petra (advisor)
Cílem této bakalářské práce je srovnávací analýza odborných textů z oblasti informatiky. Jako téma pro materiály byla zvolena technologie VxLAN, která je nejčastěji používána v datových centrech. Prvním textem pro analýzu je článek z webového časopisu, druhým je technická dokumentace Request for Comments (RFC), třetím je video přednáška. Hlavním cílem této práce je prozkoumat vybrané materiály z různých pohledů a určit, do jaké míry se texty, psané a mluvené, liší v použití jazyka a jaké jsou jejich společné rysy. K dosažení tohoto cíle jsou materiály zkoumány z hlediska několika diskurzních rysů, mezi které patří funkce jazyka, styl a žánr, koheze, koherence a deixe. Práce se také zaměřuje na zjištění, zda jsou analyzované materiály typickými představiteli svých žánrů a stylů.
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Deixis and space in Czech sign language
Tučková, Dana ; Macurová, Alena (advisor) ; Richterová, Klára (referee)
This work presents fundamental extra-and intra- language features of deixis (referring to an entity out of the language and to an entity forward or backward in the text) in Czech sign language as well as in Czech language. The work also includes examples from other signed and spoken languages that are taken from relevant bibliography. In particular, more space is devoted to categories of contextual information referred to by deixis such as person, place, and time. Possible ways of how to distinguish deictic expressions from ostensive expressions in signed languages are introduced. In connection with different types of grammatical space in sign languages, route and survey perspectives are mentioned. In the practical part of the work there are described methods and results of the research on the choice of perspective by Czech sign language and Czech language users with regard to a different type of the described enviroment. The findings were, consequently, compared with the results from American sign language and English language. The second research focuses on strategies used by Czech sign language and Czech language users when describing the objects placed in shared space. The results are then compared with the strategies applied by American sign language users. A DVD with examples of Czech sign...
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Functional and translation correspondence of English demonstrative determiners in translation from English
Ledvinka, Miroslav ; Šaldová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Malá, Markéta (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse Czech translation counterparts of English demonstrative determiners and determine the degree of correspondence in the use of demonstratives in both languages. The first half of the theoretical chapter defines the English demonstrative determiners on the morpho-syntactic level. Demonstrative determiners in English carry either situational or textual reference, which can be further divided into anaphora, cataphora and the non-phoric reference. Demonstratives also distinguish between singular forms (this/that) and plural forms (these/those), as well as between proximal (this/these) and distal forms (that/those). The choice of either a proximal or a distal form is not always influenced by solely spatial relationships. Less frequent instances of a co- occurrence of a demonstrative and a proper name (Vantage Theory), and of demonstratives with prominent cohesive features (Gradient focus theory), are also discussed. The second half of the theoretical introduction is focused on a morpho-syntactic classification of Czech demonstratives. The inflectional character of Czech, together with the absence of the category of definiteness results in different realisations of certain grammatical structures. The quantitatively larger set of Czech demonstratives is classified...
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Information on Personal Pronouns in Czech Grammar Books
Kubeková, Michaela ; Macurová, Alena (advisor) ; Adam, Robert (referee)
This dissertation compares information on personal pronouns provided in grammar books, general linguistic analyses, dictionaries, and other essays and studies dealing with this topic. The first chapter examines seven Czech grammar books, from which information relating to personal pronouns (including spheres which relate only tangentially to personal pronouns, e.g. the formulation of the pronominal subject, the category of grammatical person, deixis, anaphora, the coherence of a text, etc.) is extracted and compared. The second chapter looks at information contained in five general linguistics manuals, and the third chapter is concerned with the information given in the three most popular dictionaries. Information contained in other publications and essays related to the topic of personal pronouns (including several foreign periodicals) is cited in the form of footnotes to the individual chapters. By way of conclusion this dissertation seeks to characterise the main divergences between the individual types of publications examined and summarise the basic differences (or similarities) in their approaches.
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Grammaticalization potentiel of the anaphoric ten in spoken narative discourse
Zíková, Magdalena ; Friedová, Mirjam (advisor) ; Nedolužko, Anna (referee) ; Berger, Tilman (referee)
In my Ph.D. thesis, I examine the use of referential devices in spoken narrative discourse with predominant anaphoric reference. Special attention is paid to the relationship between two competing forms: lexical phrases containing the lexeme ten (ten-MARKED NPs) and lexical phrases not containing it (UNMARKED NPs) in repeated mentions. A primary aim of the work is (i) to identify factors favouring the use of ten-marked NPs at the expense of unmarked NPs and (ii) to explore the possibility of the lexeme ten grammaticalizing from its anaphoric use. Theoretically and methodologically I benefit mostly from the conception of discourse anaphora and the theory of grammaticalization. The referential devices are systematically explored in terms of their distribution into different classes according to a set of parameters and their values. These parameters reflect the conceptual (animacy), grammatical (syntactic function, type of clause etc.) as well as discourse characteristics of the forms and their referents (informational status of the NP in the clause, activation and persistence of the referent, etc.). The data consist of 45 short narratives produced by 15 speakers. The speakers' task was to retell three short silent-movie sketches which they had seen immediately before the recording. The design of the...
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Demonstrative pre-determiner in current French and its functions in text
Bečvářová, Karolina ; Loucká, Hana (advisor) ; Duběda, Tomáš (referee)
demonstrative determiner - actualization - identification - reference - deixis - anaphora - cataphora - literary narative text Demonstrative determiner actualises and identifies a noun by designation the referent of this noun. Demonstrative determiner designates the referent in space (physical surroundings of the speaker), in context, or in common shared experience. In literary text, demonstrative determiner designates the referent in context by anaphora or cataphora, in some cases it designates the referent in fictional space.
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